This bill will ban the use of plastic bags by grocery stores and other retailers.
Friday, August 27, 2010
Saturday, August 7, 2010
Review for the Bio 120 Summer Session Final Exam
1. What are two important factors in determining what type of Biome one will find in a given area?
2. What causes the seasons here in North America?
3. What are three strategies plants have developed to survive in the cold dry,and sometimes dark conditions of the Tundra?
4. What kind of adaptations have animals developed to survive in:
A. The tundra
B. The deserts
C. Coniferous forests
5. What is a rain shadow, and how does it account for different plant communities occurring at the same latitude, but on opposites sides of a mountain range?
6. In what biomes does fire play an important role, and what is this role?
7. To what kind of environmental stresses are the plants and animals in the chaparral adapted?
8. How is a deciduous forest different from a coniferous forest, other than the types of trees found in each?
1. Define resource partitioning and give an example of it.
2. How is a parasite different from a parasitoid?
3. How is a parasite different from a predator?
4. How are density dependent limiting factors different from density independent limiting factors? Give examples of each.
5. Coevolution happens also between parasites and their hosts. Why is this not surprising?
6. Define and give examples of the following: Mutualism, Commensalism, social parasite.
7. What are common strategies predators use to capture prey, and common defenses found in prey?
8. Draw a food web that could occur in your backyard or here at Cerritos. Include all the trophic levels we discussed in class.
9. Why are there fewer members of the upper trophic levels as compared with primary consumers or the producers?
10. What is carrying capacity?
9. Why don't grasslands become forests?
10. What is the one thing all deserts have in common?
10. Upon what observations did Darwin base his theory of evolution by natural selection?
1. What are two important factors in determining what type of Biome one will find in a given area?
2. What causes the seasons here in North America?
3. What are three strategies plants have developed to survive in the cold dry,and sometimes dark conditions of the Tundra?
4. What kind of adaptations have animals developed to survive in:
A. The tundra
B. The deserts
C. Coniferous forests
5. What is a rain shadow, and how does it account for different plant communities occurring at the same latitude, but on opposites sides of a mountain range?
6. In what biomes does fire play an important role, and what is this role?
7. To what kind of environmental stresses are the plants and animals in the chaparral adapted?
8. How is a deciduous forest different from a coniferous forest, other than the types of trees found in each?
1. Define resource partitioning and give an example of it.
2. How is a parasite different from a parasitoid?
3. How is a parasite different from a predator?
4. How are density dependent limiting factors different from density independent limiting factors? Give examples of each.
5. Coevolution happens also between parasites and their hosts. Why is this not surprising?
6. Define and give examples of the following: Mutualism, Commensalism, social parasite.
7. What are common strategies predators use to capture prey, and common defenses found in prey?
8. Draw a food web that could occur in your backyard or here at Cerritos. Include all the trophic levels we discussed in class.
9. Why are there fewer members of the upper trophic levels as compared with primary consumers or the producers?
10. What is carrying capacity?
9. Why don't grasslands become forests?
10. What is the one thing all deserts have in common?
10. Upon what observations did Darwin base his theory of evolution by natural selection?
11. What must occur for a new species to evolve?
12. What isolating mechanisms help maintain a species as a distinct group?
13. Describe how allopatric speciation could happen.
14. What is usually involved in sympatric speciation?
15. How is stabilizing selection different from directional selection?
16. Is their a plan to evolution?
17. What mechanisms of evolution can lead to less genetic diversity in a population?
18. What is a gene pool?
19. Who was Alfred Wallace and why is he an important figure in the history of the theory of evolution?
20. What is the source of all new genes in a population?
21. What mechanism of evolution keeps separate populations from being isolated?
Genetics
1. How is a phenotype different from a genotype?
2. How is the law of segregation different from the law of independent assortment?
3. What is an allele?
4. If a pair of alleles are the same we call this genotype _____, and if the alleles are different the genotype is called _____.
5. PKU is a recessive disorder. If "dad" has PKU , and "mom" is homozygous dominant, what is the chance a child will have PKU?
6. In four o'clock flowers, the petal color is either red, pink, or white. How do you think flower color is inherited and why?
7. Hemophilia is an X-linked disorder. If mom carries the gene, and dad is normal, what is the chance the couple's daughter will be a carrier? What is the chance the daughter will have hemophilia?
What is the chance their son will have hemophilia?
8. Mom has O blood, and Dad has AB. They have a child with B blood. Is this possible?
9. There are three alleles present in the population for blood type. This is called _____________
10. A gene that is only expressed if it is in the homozygous condition must be a ______ gene.
I1. In a certain species of flower there are two petal colors, blue or red. If two blue flowered plants are crossed, the offspring are always blue. If two red plants are crossed, sometimes only red flowering plants are produced, while other times both red and blue flowering plants are produced. If a red plant and blue plant are crossed, sometimes the offspring are all red, while other times both red and blue offspring are produced. Which color is dominant?
Tuesday, July 27, 2010
Bio 120 review for second exam: Summer 2010
Here's some questions to make those brain cells churn out the ATP!
1. What are the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration, and which is more efficient?
2. What are NAD+ and FAD used for?
3. What are the three steps in aerobic respiration, and where does each occur?
4. During which step of cellular respiration is the most ATP made?
5. During aerobic respiration, how many ATPs are made from one molecule of glucose in most cells?
6. What is the role of oxygen in aerobic respiration?
7. Describe how the ATP is made during chemiosmosis
8. What is produced by your muscle cells if there is not enough oxygen available at the end of glycolysis for aerobic respiration to continue?
9. Yeasts do a kind of anaerobic respiration called ____________, and produce ___________ and _________ along with 2 ATP
10. What are the important end products of the Citric Acid Cycle, and what happens to each of these products?
Here are the photosynthesis questions for review:
1. Which colors of light are most strongly absorbed by chlorophyll?
2. How is oxygen released during photosynthesis?
3. Why is water needed in photosynthesis?
4. What are the products of the light dependent reactions?
5. What is made in the light independent reactions?
6. What is the role of RUBP in photosynthesis?
7. What kind of plants use PEP and what advantage does it give them?
8. How are CAM plants different from others in the way they do photosynthesis?
9. What kind of organisms can do photosynthesis?
10. Where inside the chloroplast do the light dependent reactions happen?
More Review Questions about Plants:
1. Compare and contrast the movement of water and food in plants. Include in your answer what kinds of tissues and processes are involved in both.
2. Xylem is functional when dead at maturity while phloem is functional only when alive. Why?
3. In phloem, what is the role of the companion cell?
4. What is the difference between xylem in flowering plants and the xylem found in gymnosperms?
5. What is cohesion of water, and how is this different from adhesion?
6. What part of the root absorbs water?
7. What is the function of the anther in the flower?
8. Which of the following is where one would find ovules?
A. in an anther
B. in the ovary
C. in the stigma
D. in the style
9. Ovules are
A. eggs
B. spores that will become pollen
C. spores that will become eggs
D. immature seeds
E. pollen grains
10. In double fertilization the first sperm fertilizes the egg and the second
A. dies
B. is only used if the first sperm cell dies
C. fertilizes another egg
D. fertilizes a haploid endosperm mother cell to make diploid endosperm
E. fertilizes a diploid ( n+n) endosperm mother cell to make triploid endosperm
11. What is the function of fruit?
12. Microspores become
A. the embryo sac
B. the mature male gametophyte
C. pollen grains
D. all of the above
E. only B and C above
Evolution:
1. How do biologists define evolution?
2. What is a population?
3. What islands were important to Charles Darwin's thinking on evolution?
4. Biogeography is how living things are distributed around the world. How was Darwin surprised by the the biogeography he observed on his trip around the world?
5. While fossils support the theory of evolution, we can't rely on the fossil record ever being complete. Why?
6. How does the existence of fossils support the theory of evolution?
7. How did LaMarck explain inheritance?
8. What was the hypothesis of catastrophism?
9. While the theory of evolution does not indicate humans came from chimps, it does indicate a _________________________ between chimps and humans.
10. Upon what observations did Darwin base his theory of evolution by natural selection?
11. What is adaptive radiation, and give an example of adaptive radiation in plants.
12. How has evidence from molecular biology supported the theory of evolution?
13. What is sympatric speciation, and how is it different from allopatric speciation?
1. What are the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration, and which is more efficient?
2. What are NAD+ and FAD used for?
3. What are the three steps in aerobic respiration, and where does each occur?
4. During which step of cellular respiration is the most ATP made?
5. During aerobic respiration, how many ATPs are made from one molecule of glucose in most cells?
6. What is the role of oxygen in aerobic respiration?
7. Describe how the ATP is made during chemiosmosis
8. What is produced by your muscle cells if there is not enough oxygen available at the end of glycolysis for aerobic respiration to continue?
9. Yeasts do a kind of anaerobic respiration called ____________, and produce ___________ and _________ along with 2 ATP
10. What are the important end products of the Citric Acid Cycle, and what happens to each of these products?
Here are the photosynthesis questions for review:
1. Which colors of light are most strongly absorbed by chlorophyll?
2. How is oxygen released during photosynthesis?
3. Why is water needed in photosynthesis?
4. What are the products of the light dependent reactions?
5. What is made in the light independent reactions?
6. What is the role of RUBP in photosynthesis?
7. What kind of plants use PEP and what advantage does it give them?
8. How are CAM plants different from others in the way they do photosynthesis?
9. What kind of organisms can do photosynthesis?
10. Where inside the chloroplast do the light dependent reactions happen?
More Review Questions about Plants:
1. Compare and contrast the movement of water and food in plants. Include in your answer what kinds of tissues and processes are involved in both.
2. Xylem is functional when dead at maturity while phloem is functional only when alive. Why?
3. In phloem, what is the role of the companion cell?
4. What is the difference between xylem in flowering plants and the xylem found in gymnosperms?
5. What is cohesion of water, and how is this different from adhesion?
6. What part of the root absorbs water?
7. What is the function of the anther in the flower?
8. Which of the following is where one would find ovules?
A. in an anther
B. in the ovary
C. in the stigma
D. in the style
9. Ovules are
A. eggs
B. spores that will become pollen
C. spores that will become eggs
D. immature seeds
E. pollen grains
10. In double fertilization the first sperm fertilizes the egg and the second
A. dies
B. is only used if the first sperm cell dies
C. fertilizes another egg
D. fertilizes a haploid endosperm mother cell to make diploid endosperm
E. fertilizes a diploid ( n+n) endosperm mother cell to make triploid endosperm
11. What is the function of fruit?
12. Microspores become
A. the embryo sac
B. the mature male gametophyte
C. pollen grains
D. all of the above
E. only B and C above
Evolution:
1. How do biologists define evolution?
2. What is a population?
3. What islands were important to Charles Darwin's thinking on evolution?
4. Biogeography is how living things are distributed around the world. How was Darwin surprised by the the biogeography he observed on his trip around the world?
5. While fossils support the theory of evolution, we can't rely on the fossil record ever being complete. Why?
6. How does the existence of fossils support the theory of evolution?
7. How did LaMarck explain inheritance?
8. What was the hypothesis of catastrophism?
9. While the theory of evolution does not indicate humans came from chimps, it does indicate a _________________________ between chimps and humans.
10. Upon what observations did Darwin base his theory of evolution by natural selection?
11. What is adaptive radiation, and give an example of adaptive radiation in plants.
12. How has evidence from molecular biology supported the theory of evolution?
13. What is sympatric speciation, and how is it different from allopatric speciation?
Sunday, May 16, 2010
Botany 120 Biome and genetics review
Genetics
1. How is a phenotype different from a genotype?
2. How is the law of segregation different from the law
of independent assortment?
3. What is an allele?
4. If a pair of alleles are the same we call this
genotype _____,and if the alleles are different
the genotype is called _____.
5. In four o'clock flowers, the petal color is either red,
pink, or white. How do you think flower color
is inherited and why?
6. A gene that is only expressed if it is in the homozygous
condition must be a ______ gene.
7. In a certain species of flower there are two petal colors,
blue or red.If two blue flowered plants are crossed,
the offspring are always blue.If two red plants are crossed,
sometimes only red flowering plants are produced, while
other times both red and blue flowering plants are
produced. If a red plant and blue plant are crossed,
sometimes the offspring are all red, while other
times both red and blue offspring
are produced. Which color is dominant?
8. A plant that breeds true for tall is crossed with one that
breeds true for short. All of the offspring in the F-1 are tall.
The F-1 generation is allowed to self-fertilize, and the
F-2 are 3/4 tall and 1/4 short.
a. which allele is dominant, the one for tallness or shortness?
b. what is the genotype of an F-1 individual?
c. what are the genotypes of the parental generation?
9. In peas, purple flowers (P) are dominant to white flowers (p),
and yellow seeds are dominant (Y) to green(y). If two plants
heterozygous for both traits are crossed, what proportion
of the offspring will have purple flowers and
produce green seeds?
10. Which of the following are homozygous
genotypes?
a. AABb
b. aabb
c. AaBb
d. aaBB
e. Aabb
Biomes
1. What are two important factors in determining what
type of Biome one will find in a given area?
2. What causes the seasons here in North America?
3. What are three strategies plants have developed to survive
2. What causes the seasons here in North America?
3. What are three strategies plants have developed to survive
in the cold dry,and sometimes dark conditions of the Tundra?
4. What is a rain shadow, and how does it account for different
4. What is a rain shadow, and how does it account for different
plant communities occurring at the same latitude, but on
opposites sides of a mountain range?
5. In what biomes does fire play an important role, and
5. In what biomes does fire play an important role, and
what is this role?
6. To what kind of environmental stresses are the plants
6. To what kind of environmental stresses are the plants
in the chaparral adapted?
7. How is a deciduous forest different from a coniferous
7. How is a deciduous forest different from a coniferous
forest, other than the types of trees found in each?
8. Why don't grasslands become forests?
9. What is the one thing all deserts have in common?
8. Why don't grasslands become forests?
9. What is the one thing all deserts have in common?
Tuesday, May 11, 2010
Genetics and Evolution Review Bio 120
1. How do biologists define evolution?
2. What is a population?
3. What islands were important to Charles Darwin's thinking on evolution?
4. Biogeography is how living things are distributed around the world. How was Darwin surprised by the the biogeography he observed on his trip around the world?
5. While fossils support the theory of evolution, we can't rely on the fossil record ever being complete. Why?
6. How does the existence of fossils support the theory of evolution?
7. How did LaMarck explain inheritance?
8. What was the hypothesis of catastrophism?
9. While the theory of evolution does not indicate humans came from chimps, it does indicate a _________________________ between chimps and humans.
10. Upon what observations did Darwin base his theory of evolution by natural selection?
2. What is a population?
3. What islands were important to Charles Darwin's thinking on evolution?
4. Biogeography is how living things are distributed around the world. How was Darwin surprised by the the biogeography he observed on his trip around the world?
5. While fossils support the theory of evolution, we can't rely on the fossil record ever being complete. Why?
6. How does the existence of fossils support the theory of evolution?
7. How did LaMarck explain inheritance?
8. What was the hypothesis of catastrophism?
9. While the theory of evolution does not indicate humans came from chimps, it does indicate a _________________________ between chimps and humans.
10. Upon what observations did Darwin base his theory of evolution by natural selection?
11. What must occur for a new species to evolve?
12. What isolating mechanisms help maintain a species as a distinct group?
13. Describe how allopatric speciation could happen.
14. What is usually involved in sympatric speciation?
15. How is stabilizing selection different from directional selection?
16. Is their a plan to evolution?
17. What mechanisms of evolution can lead to less genetic diversity in a population?
18. What is a gene pool?
19. Who was Alfred Wallace and why is he an important figure in the history of the theory of evolution?
20. What is the source of all new genes in a population?
21. What mechanism of evolution keeps separate populations from being isolated?
Genetics
1. How is a phenotype different from a genotype?
2. How is the law of segregation different from the law of independent assortment?
3. What is an allele?
4. If a pair of alleles are the same we call this genotype _____, and if the alleles are different the genotype is called _____.
5. PKU is a recessive disorder. If "dad" has PKU , and "mom" is homozygous dominant, what is the chance a child will have PKU?
6. In four o'clock flowers, the petal color is either red, pink, or white. How do you think flower color is inherited and why?
7. Hemophilia is an X-linked disorder. If mom carries the gene, and dad is normal, what is the chance the couple's daughter will be a carrier? What is the chance the daughter will have hemophilia?
What is the chance their son will have hemophilia?
8. Mom has O blood, and Dad has AB. They have a child with B blood. Is this possible?
9. There are three alleles present in the population for blood type. This is called _____________
10. A gene that is only expressed if it is in the homozygous condition must be a ______ gene.
I1. In a certain species of flower there are two petal colors, blue or red. If two blue flowered plants are crossed, the offspring are always blue. If two red plants are crossed, sometimes only red flowering plants are produced, while other times both red and blue flowering plants are produced. If a red plant and blue plant are crossed, sometimes the offspring are all red, while other times both red and blue offspring are produced. Which color is dominant?
Tuesday, May 4, 2010
Nesting season in the desert
I was out at Joshua Tree National Monument, and the Morongo Valley Preserve this weekend. Lot's of nesting birds around including these:
Young red-tailed hawk looks down at a visitor.
Stretching the wings, and building up the flight muscles. This hawk won't leave the nest until it is as big as its parents.
Great-horned owl chick still in its fluffy down feathers.
Botany review photosynthesis and cell respiration
1. What are the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration, and which is more efficient?
2. What are NAD+ and FAD used for?
3. What are the three steps in aerobic respiration, and where does each occur?
4. During which step of cellular respiration is the most ATP made?
5. During aerobic respiration, how many ATPs are made from one molecule of glucose in most cells?
6. What is the role of oxygen in aerobic respiration?
7. Describe how the ATP is made during chemiosmosis
8. What is produced by your muscle cells if there is not enough oxygen available at the end of glycolysis for aerobic respiration to continue?
9. Yeasts do a kind of anaerobic respiration called ____________, and produce ___________ and _________ along with 2 ATP
10. What are the important end products of the Citric Acid Cycle, and what happens to each of these products?
Here are the photosynthesis questions for review:
1. Which colors of light are most strongly absorbed by chlorophyll?
2. How is oxygen released during photosynthesis?
3. Why is water needed in photosynthesis?
4. What are the products of the light dependent reactions?
5. What is made in the light independent reactions?
6. What is the role of RUBP in photosynthesis?
7. What kind of plants use PEP and what advantage does it give them?
8. How are CAM plants different from others in the way they do photosynthesis?
9. What kind of organisms can do photosynthesis?
10. Where inside the chloroplast do the light dependent reactions happen?
2. What are NAD+ and FAD used for?
3. What are the three steps in aerobic respiration, and where does each occur?
4. During which step of cellular respiration is the most ATP made?
5. During aerobic respiration, how many ATPs are made from one molecule of glucose in most cells?
6. What is the role of oxygen in aerobic respiration?
7. Describe how the ATP is made during chemiosmosis
8. What is produced by your muscle cells if there is not enough oxygen available at the end of glycolysis for aerobic respiration to continue?
9. Yeasts do a kind of anaerobic respiration called ____________, and produce ___________ and _________ along with 2 ATP
10. What are the important end products of the Citric Acid Cycle, and what happens to each of these products?
Here are the photosynthesis questions for review:
1. Which colors of light are most strongly absorbed by chlorophyll?
2. How is oxygen released during photosynthesis?
3. Why is water needed in photosynthesis?
4. What are the products of the light dependent reactions?
5. What is made in the light independent reactions?
6. What is the role of RUBP in photosynthesis?
7. What kind of plants use PEP and what advantage does it give them?
8. How are CAM plants different from others in the way they do photosynthesis?
9. What kind of organisms can do photosynthesis?
10. Where inside the chloroplast do the light dependent reactions happen?
Friday, April 16, 2010
Spring in the Mojave Desert
This diminutive plant has a wonderful flower. This is Lilac Sunbonnet Langloisia setosissima. The whole plant is about 2 inches tall. Check out the blue pollen.
Climbing milkweed, Sarcostemma cyanchoidies, is an important host plant for the larvae of butterflies. Notice the tendrils it uses to cling to other plants for support.
Desert Five Spot. Eremalche rotundifloria. How about that? A scientific name that is very logical. Rotundifloria, round flower. These flowers look like little domes until just before they wilt, then they open up to show off their spots.
Hey, that's no flower! This rattle snake was snoozing in the shade of a creosote shrub until we rudely walked by and disturbed it.
One of the best things about camping is seeing the sunrise.
The clouds were beautiful on Saturday.
A rainbow cloud
Review for exam 4 Bio 120
1. What are two important factors in determining what type of Biome one will find in a given area?
2. What causes the seasons here in North America?
3. What are three strategies plants have developed to survive in the cold dry,and sometimes dark conditions of the Tundra?
4. What kind of adaptations have animals developed to survive in:
A. The tundra
B. The deserts
C. Coniferous forests
5. What is a rain shadow, and how does it account for different plant communities occurring at the same latitude, but on opposites sides of a mountain range?
6. In what biomes does fire play an important role, and what is this role?
7. To what kind of environmental stresses are the plants and animals in the chaparral adapted?
8. How is a deciduous forest different from a coniferous forest, other than the types of trees found in each?
1. Define resource partitioning and give an example of it.
2. How is a parasite different from a parasitoid?
3. How is a parasite different from a predator?
4. How are density dependent limiting factors different from density independent limiting factors? Give examples of each.
5. Coevolution happens also between parasites and their hosts. Why is this not surprising?
6. Define and give examples of the following: Mutualism, Commensalism, social parasite.
7. What are common strategies predators use to capture prey, and common defenses found in prey?
8. Draw a food web that could occur in your backyard or here at Cerritos. Include all the trophic levels we discussed in class.
9. Why are there fewer members of the upper trophic levels as compared with primary consumers or the producers?
10. What is carrying capacity?
9. Why don't grasslands become forests?
10. What is the one thing all deserts have in common?
Labels: Biomes
2. What causes the seasons here in North America?
3. What are three strategies plants have developed to survive in the cold dry,and sometimes dark conditions of the Tundra?
4. What kind of adaptations have animals developed to survive in:
A. The tundra
B. The deserts
C. Coniferous forests
5. What is a rain shadow, and how does it account for different plant communities occurring at the same latitude, but on opposites sides of a mountain range?
6. In what biomes does fire play an important role, and what is this role?
7. To what kind of environmental stresses are the plants and animals in the chaparral adapted?
8. How is a deciduous forest different from a coniferous forest, other than the types of trees found in each?
1. Define resource partitioning and give an example of it.
2. How is a parasite different from a parasitoid?
3. How is a parasite different from a predator?
4. How are density dependent limiting factors different from density independent limiting factors? Give examples of each.
5. Coevolution happens also between parasites and their hosts. Why is this not surprising?
6. Define and give examples of the following: Mutualism, Commensalism, social parasite.
7. What are common strategies predators use to capture prey, and common defenses found in prey?
8. Draw a food web that could occur in your backyard or here at Cerritos. Include all the trophic levels we discussed in class.
9. Why are there fewer members of the upper trophic levels as compared with primary consumers or the producers?
10. What is carrying capacity?
9. Why don't grasslands become forests?
10. What is the one thing all deserts have in common?
Labels: Biomes
Thursday, April 8, 2010
Botany Review Questions Exam 3
Evolution:
1. How do biologists define evolution?
2. What is a population?
3. What islands were important to Charles Darwin's thinking on evolution?
4. Biogeography is how living things are distributed around the world. How was Darwin surprised by the the biogeography he observed on his trip around the world?
5. While fossils support the theory of evolution, we can't rely on the fossil record ever being complete. Why?
6. How does the existence of fossils support the theory of evolution?
7. How did LaMarck explain inheritance?
8. What was the hypothesis of catastrophism?
9. While the theory of evolution does not indicate humans came from chimps, it does indicate a _________________________ between chimps and humans.
10. Upon what observations did Darwin base his theory of evolution by natural selection?
11. What is adaptive radiation, and give an example of adaptive radiation in plants.
12. How has evidence from molecular biology supported the theory of evolution?
13. What is sympatric speciation, and how is it different from allopatric speciation?
Bacteria
1. What is the name of the bacteria that do photosynthesis,and what can they do in addition to photosynthesis?
2. In what major way are bacterial cells different from plant cells?
3. Describe how bacterial cells can reproduce.
4. What is in the cell walls of bacteria?
5. What is a capsule used for?
6. What are the three basic shapes of bacteria?
7. What roles do bacteria play in the ecosystem where they are found?
8. How are Archea different from bacteria?
9. Some bacteria live in the roots of plants. What are they doing there?
10. What is a plasmid?
Fungi Questions
1. How are fungi classified?
2. What role do fungi play typically in their habitat?
3. How are fungi different from plants?
4. How do fungi feed?
5. What does heterokaryotic mean?
6. How do fungi spread out in their habitat?
7. The body of a fungus is a thread like structure called a ____
8. A mass of the answer in question 7 is call a ____
9. A lichen is made of a ____ and a ____. What is the ecological role of lichens?
Land Plants, Mosses and Ferns
1. Liverworts and mosses both have a dominant ________ generation
2. What are three ways plants are adapted to life on land?
3. What organisms are believed to be the ancestors of land plants?
4. Sporophytes do what kind of cell division to make spores?
5. Are gametophytes are haploid or diploid?
6. Why are most mosses small?
7. What do ferns have that is missing in mosses and liverworts?
8. Why are horsetails also called scouring rushes?
9. The dominannt generation in the ferns is the ____ generation
10. Under the leaves one can find ____ in ferns
Gymnosperms
1. What advancement is seen in the gymnosperms compared to the ferns?
2. How are Gingkos and cycads different from conifers?
3. What is in a male cone? What is in a female cone?
4. How are confirs adapted to cold dry climates?
5. What does it mean if a plant is monecious?
6. Ephedra belongs to what division of plants?
7. What is the male gametophyte in the conifers?
Angiosperms
1. What is the function of these parts of the flower?
petals
sepals
anther
ovary
stigma
style
2. Other than the flower, what other advantage do the flowering plants have over the gymnosperms?
3. What is the function of fruit?
4. How is an imperfect flower different from a perfect flower? How is a complete flower different from an incomplete flower?
1. How do biologists define evolution?
2. What is a population?
3. What islands were important to Charles Darwin's thinking on evolution?
4. Biogeography is how living things are distributed around the world. How was Darwin surprised by the the biogeography he observed on his trip around the world?
5. While fossils support the theory of evolution, we can't rely on the fossil record ever being complete. Why?
6. How does the existence of fossils support the theory of evolution?
7. How did LaMarck explain inheritance?
8. What was the hypothesis of catastrophism?
9. While the theory of evolution does not indicate humans came from chimps, it does indicate a _________________________ between chimps and humans.
10. Upon what observations did Darwin base his theory of evolution by natural selection?
11. What is adaptive radiation, and give an example of adaptive radiation in plants.
12. How has evidence from molecular biology supported the theory of evolution?
13. What is sympatric speciation, and how is it different from allopatric speciation?
Bacteria
1. What is the name of the bacteria that do photosynthesis,and what can they do in addition to photosynthesis?
2. In what major way are bacterial cells different from plant cells?
3. Describe how bacterial cells can reproduce.
4. What is in the cell walls of bacteria?
5. What is a capsule used for?
6. What are the three basic shapes of bacteria?
7. What roles do bacteria play in the ecosystem where they are found?
8. How are Archea different from bacteria?
9. Some bacteria live in the roots of plants. What are they doing there?
10. What is a plasmid?
Fungi Questions
1. How are fungi classified?
2. What role do fungi play typically in their habitat?
3. How are fungi different from plants?
4. How do fungi feed?
5. What does heterokaryotic mean?
6. How do fungi spread out in their habitat?
7. The body of a fungus is a thread like structure called a ____
8. A mass of the answer in question 7 is call a ____
9. A lichen is made of a ____ and a ____. What is the ecological role of lichens?
Land Plants, Mosses and Ferns
1. Liverworts and mosses both have a dominant ________ generation
2. What are three ways plants are adapted to life on land?
3. What organisms are believed to be the ancestors of land plants?
4. Sporophytes do what kind of cell division to make spores?
5. Are gametophytes are haploid or diploid?
6. Why are most mosses small?
7. What do ferns have that is missing in mosses and liverworts?
8. Why are horsetails also called scouring rushes?
9. The dominannt generation in the ferns is the ____ generation
10. Under the leaves one can find ____ in ferns
Gymnosperms
1. What advancement is seen in the gymnosperms compared to the ferns?
2. How are Gingkos and cycads different from conifers?
3. What is in a male cone? What is in a female cone?
4. How are confirs adapted to cold dry climates?
5. What does it mean if a plant is monecious?
6. Ephedra belongs to what division of plants?
7. What is the male gametophyte in the conifers?
Angiosperms
1. What is the function of these parts of the flower?
petals
sepals
anther
ovary
stigma
style
2. Other than the flower, what other advantage do the flowering plants have over the gymnosperms?
3. What is the function of fruit?
4. How is an imperfect flower different from a perfect flower? How is a complete flower different from an incomplete flower?
Thursday, April 1, 2010
Carrizo Plain National Monument
The Carrizo Plain is in a remote area of Southern California between the I-5 and San Luis Obispo. It is what California may have been like hundreds of years ago. It is an open expanse of grasslands with gentle rolling hills. It is quiet. Wind and birds are all one hears along with an occasional drone of bees pollinating the flowers at this time of year. There are no gas stations, or stores nearby. The campground has no water, and you pack out what you bring in. Go there.
Owl's clover
Great horned owl in nest. The campground where we stayed had some of the only trees in the area. Consequently there were a host of bird species in the area.
Moonrise over the Temblor Hills
Red-tailed hawk being harassed by a red-winged black bird
The campground shortly after dawn
Wild Hyacinth
In the hills behind the campground
Miles of fiddleneck and Phacelia gave the floor of the plain an orange and purple glow
California poppy
Stork's bill and goldfields paint the fields and hillsides
Thursday, March 25, 2010
Bio 120 Review Exam 3
Here's some questions to make those brain cells churn out the ATP!
1. What are the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration, and which is more efficient?
2. What are NAD+ and FAD used for?
3. What are the three steps in aerobic respiration, and where does each occur?
4. During which step of cellular respiration is the most ATP made?
5. During aerobic respiration, how many ATPs are made from one molecule of glucose in most cells?
6. What is the role of oxygen in aerobic respiration?
7. Describe how the ATP is made during chemiosmosis
8. What is produced by your muscle cells if there is not enough oxygen available at the end of glycolysis for aerobic respiration to continue?
9. Yeasts do a kind of anaerobic respiration called ____________, and produce ___________ and _________ along with 2 ATP
10. What are the important end products of the Citric Acid Cycle, and what happens to each of these products?
Here are the photosynthesis questions for review:
1. Which colors of light are most strongly absorbed by chlorophyll?
2. How is oxygen released during photosynthesis?
3. Why is water needed in photosynthesis?
4. What are the products of the light dependent reactions?
5. What is made in the light independent reactions?
6. What is the role of RUBP in photosynthesis?
7. What kind of plants use PEP and what advantage does it give them?
8. How are CAM plants different from others in the way they do photosynthesis?
9. What kind of organisms can do photosynthesis?
10. Where inside the chloroplast do the light dependent reactions happen?
More Review Questions about Plants:
1. Compare and contrast the movement of water and food in plants. Include in your answer what kinds of tissues and processes are involved in both.
2. Xylem is functional when dead at maturity while phloem is functional only when alive. Why?
3. In phloem, what is the role of the companion cell?
4. What is the difference between xylem in flowering plants and the xylem found in gymnosperms?
5. What is cohesion of water, and how is this different from adhesion?
6. What part of the root absorbs water?
7. What is the function of the anther in the flower?
8. Which of the following is where one would find ovules?
A. in an anther
B. in the ovary
C. in the stigma
D. in the style
9. Ovules are
A. eggs
B. spores that will become pollen
C. spores that will become eggs
D. immature seeds
E. pollen grains
10. In double fertilization the first sperm fertilizes the egg and the second
A. dies
B. is only used if the first sperm cell dies
C. fertilizes another egg
D. fertilizes a haploid endosperm mother cell to make diploid endosperm
E. fertilizes a diploid ( n+n) endosperm mother cell to make triploid endosperm
11. What is the function of fruit?
12. Microspores become
A. the embryo sac
B. the mature male gametophyte
C. pollen grains
D. all of the above
E. only B and C above
1. What are the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration, and which is more efficient?
2. What are NAD+ and FAD used for?
3. What are the three steps in aerobic respiration, and where does each occur?
4. During which step of cellular respiration is the most ATP made?
5. During aerobic respiration, how many ATPs are made from one molecule of glucose in most cells?
6. What is the role of oxygen in aerobic respiration?
7. Describe how the ATP is made during chemiosmosis
8. What is produced by your muscle cells if there is not enough oxygen available at the end of glycolysis for aerobic respiration to continue?
9. Yeasts do a kind of anaerobic respiration called ____________, and produce ___________ and _________ along with 2 ATP
10. What are the important end products of the Citric Acid Cycle, and what happens to each of these products?
Here are the photosynthesis questions for review:
1. Which colors of light are most strongly absorbed by chlorophyll?
2. How is oxygen released during photosynthesis?
3. Why is water needed in photosynthesis?
4. What are the products of the light dependent reactions?
5. What is made in the light independent reactions?
6. What is the role of RUBP in photosynthesis?
7. What kind of plants use PEP and what advantage does it give them?
8. How are CAM plants different from others in the way they do photosynthesis?
9. What kind of organisms can do photosynthesis?
10. Where inside the chloroplast do the light dependent reactions happen?
More Review Questions about Plants:
1. Compare and contrast the movement of water and food in plants. Include in your answer what kinds of tissues and processes are involved in both.
2. Xylem is functional when dead at maturity while phloem is functional only when alive. Why?
3. In phloem, what is the role of the companion cell?
4. What is the difference between xylem in flowering plants and the xylem found in gymnosperms?
5. What is cohesion of water, and how is this different from adhesion?
6. What part of the root absorbs water?
7. What is the function of the anther in the flower?
8. Which of the following is where one would find ovules?
A. in an anther
B. in the ovary
C. in the stigma
D. in the style
9. Ovules are
A. eggs
B. spores that will become pollen
C. spores that will become eggs
D. immature seeds
E. pollen grains
10. In double fertilization the first sperm fertilizes the egg and the second
A. dies
B. is only used if the first sperm cell dies
C. fertilizes another egg
D. fertilizes a haploid endosperm mother cell to make diploid endosperm
E. fertilizes a diploid ( n+n) endosperm mother cell to make triploid endosperm
11. What is the function of fruit?
12. Microspores become
A. the embryo sac
B. the mature male gametophyte
C. pollen grains
D. all of the above
E. only B and C above
Sunday, March 21, 2010
The Antelope Valley
The California Poppy Reserve had some blooms, but the most of the hillsides were not in bloom yet. However, after driving around on the roads around the reserve, we saw carpets of goldfields, poppies, but very few lupine.
I noticed this poppy was opening up, and as I was taking photos of it...
...the sepal popped right off.
We saw thousands of poppies, but only one yellow one.
Goldfields and Poppies
The sepals of the poppy flower cover the bud, then fall off as the bloom opens
I noticed this poppy was opening up, and as I was taking photos of it...
...the sepal popped right off.Friday, March 19, 2010
Where to see wildflowers in Southern California
Desert Dandelion and Phacelia, Mojave National Preserve
Here's a list of some of my favorite places, however, there are many more areas to explore!
Peak bloom is usually late March, you can see California poppies, goldfields, owl’s clover and others.
Desert lilies, sand verbena, desert primroses and more
Bloom is happening right now!
Carrizo Plain National Monument
Amazing fields of flowers in a very remote area. Lots of dirt roads.
The peak bloom should be late this month into mid April
Yucca buds, Joshua Tree National Park
It was snowing in Joshua Tree two weeks ago. According to the ranger I talked to, peak bloom in park expected late March to Mid April.
Desert lilies, evening primrose, desert dandelions, Phacelia, sand verbena and more!
The Santa Rosa Plateau Ecological Reserve
Amazing! Over 8,000 acres of oak savanna, chaparral, and grasslands
39400 Clinton Keith Road is located at the southern end of the Santa Ana Mountains in southwest Riverside County, near the city of Murrieta, 92562. I just love this place!
Wildflower “ Hotlines”
Link to other Wildflower info sites. This link will give you dozens of places to visit to see the flowers.
Click here to go to a page full of places to see wildflowers
Recommended desert wildflower books:
Features lots of information about how the plants were used by Native Americans. Full color photos, great descriptions of plants, and interesting comments about them.
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