Exam Review Questions from lecture

Here are all the review questions from the blog for this exam. They are in the same order they were given to the groups in lecture

1. What is the function of fruit?

2. Microspores become
A. the embryo sac
B. the mature male gametophyte
C. pollen grains
D. all of the above
E. only B and C above

3. Which mechanism of evolution did Darwin claim as his own theory?

4. Which evolutionary mechanisms reduce genetic diversity?

5. What are the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration, and which is more efficient?

6.. What are NAD+ and FAD used for?

7. What is the difference between xylem in flowering plants and the xylem found in gymnosperms?

8. Biogeography is how living things are distributed around the world. How was Darwin surprised by the the biogeography he observed on his trip around the world?


9. What is cohesion of water, and how is this different from adhesion?

10. How are CAM plants different from others in the way they do
photosynthesis?

11. What kind of organisms can do photosynthesis?

12. Where inside the cholorplast do the light dependent reactions happen?

13. What are the three steps in aerobic respiration, and where does each occur?

14. While fossils support the theory of evolution, we can't rely on the fossil record ever being complete. Why?

15. How does the existence of fossils support the theory of evolution?

16. How did LaMarck explain inheritance?

17. How is oxygen released during photosynthesis?

18. Why is water needed in photosynthesis?

19. What are the products of the light dependent reactions?

20. What is made in the light independent reactions?

21. What is the role of RUBP in photosynthesis?

22. What kind of plants use PEP and what advantage does it give them?

23. Compare and contrast the movement of water and food in plants. Include in your answer what kinds of tissues and processes are involved in both.

24. Xylem is functional when dead at maturity while phloem is functional only when alive. Why?

25. In phloem, what is the role of the companion cell?

26. Describe how the ATP is made during chemiosmosis

27. What is produced by your muscle cells if there is not enough oxygen available at the end of glycolysis for aerobic respiration to continue?

28. Yeasts do a kind of anaerobic respiration called ____________, and produce ___________ and _________ along with 2 ATP


29. What part of the root absorbs water?

30. What is the function of the anther in the flower?

31. Which of the following is where one would find ovules?
A. in an anther
B. in the ovary
C. in the stigma
D. in the style

32. While the theory of evolution does not indicate humans came from chimps, it does indicate a _________________________ between chimps and humans.

33. Upon what observations did Darwin base his theory of evolution by natural selection?

34. In double fertilization the first sperm fertilizes the egg and the second
A. dies
B. is only used if the first sperm cell dies
C. fertilizes another egg
D. fertilizes a haploid endosperm mother cell to make diploid endosperm
E. fertilizes a diploid ( n+n) endosperm mother cell to make triploid endosperm

35. What is the key element of natural selection?

36. Which mechanism is the source of new genes?

37. While migration can introduce genes from one population to another and increase the diversity of a given population, over time what does migration do to the gene pools of the two populations?

38. During aerobic respiration, how many ATPs are made from one molecule of glucose in most cells? B. . During which step of cellular respiration is the most ATP made?


39. What is the role of oxygen in aerobic respiration?

40. What is required for any kind of speciation to occur?

41. Two related grasses are growing side by side. However grass A blooms and sets seeds in the late spring, while grass B blooms and releases its seeds in the late summer and early fall. What kind of isolating mechanism is at work here?

42. Ovules are
A. eggs
B. spores that will become pollen
C. spores that will become eggs
D. immature seeds
E. pollen grains

43. Which colors of light are most strongly absorbed by chlorophyll?

44. Most human babies weight between 6 and 9 pounds at birth. Those who weigh above 9 pounds, and those under 6 pounds at birth have an increased risk of dying compared to those who weigh between 6 and 9 pounds at birth. What kind of natural selection is at work in this example?

45. What is sympatric speciation, and why is sympatric speciation more common in plants than in animals?

46. How do biologists define evolution?

47. What is a population?
48. What islands were important to Charles Darwin's thinking on evolution?

49. What are the important end products of the Citric Acid Cycle, and what happens to each of these products?

50. A donkey and a horse breed and produce a mule. What kind of isolating mechanism is a work in this example?